Construction of Check Dams under the Scheme “MATY 2.0” – Department of Water Resources, Govt. of Odisha

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Construction of Check Dams under the Scheme “MATY 2.0”

Problem

• Depletion of groundwater level in Water Scarcity Zones in Odisha.
• Scarcity of Water for Drinking Water & Other Domestic Uses in Rural Areas of Odisha.
• Improper utilization of rainwater for irrigation purposes in the flowing streams/channels during the Monsoon.
• Involving farmers to look after the operation and maintenance of the structure.
• Having traditional irrigation by constructing temporary cross bunds on streams.

Solution

• The Check Dams are constructed across the nalas/natural streams to store the water, boosting Ground Water Recharge.
• Drinking water facilities and other domestic uses like bathing, washing, fishing, recreation, etc., can be provided to the villagers after the monsoon period with the available stored water.
• Incidental irrigation can be provided during late Kharif and Rabi by storing water at the end of the monsoon, mainly through lifting devices.
• Bringing most of the blocks of the state under irrigation potential of more than 35%.
• Increase the efficiency of lift irrigation points, bore wells, etc.

Outcomes

• Ground Water Recharge in the Water Scarcity Zones in Odisha.
• Drinking water facilities in the villages along both sides of the river after the monsoon period.
• Incidental irrigation facility to crops during late khariff and rabi by storing water at the end of monsoon, mainly through lifting devices.
• Diverting water from perennial / semi-perennial streams in hilly areas for irrigation purposes.
• There is a remarkable rise in groundwater due to recharge from impounding water in the check dam.

Challenges

• Unwilling farmers to take up operation & maintenance of the structure where they have traditional irrigation by constructing temporary cross bunds on streams.
• The reluctance of farmers to take up the maintenance and operation of the structure.
• Bringing most of the blocks of the state under irrigation potential of more than 35%.
• Prevalence of traditional irrigation system.
• The process of site selection also posed a challenge.

Innovation

• Installation of Lift Points nearby all constructed Check Dams for augmentation of Horticulture & Rabi Irrigation coverage.
• Making all Check Dams Flow Enabled by providing flow irrigation through field channels.
• Low investment & low gestation period.
• Providing protection to the Kharif crop and intensifying the Rabi crop.
• No land acquisition is required.

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Case Study

Construction of Check Dams under the Scheme “MATY 2.0”

Summary

The main objective for the construction of the check dams is to conserve water for incidental irrigation, drinking purpose, groundwater recharging, and other uses by villagers like bathing, washing, fishing, recreation, etc., in the areas where farmers are using traditional irrigation by constructing temporary cross bunds on the streams/ nallas in the blocks having less than 35% irrigation. The Check Dams will store or divert surplus water flowing to the sea at the end of the monsoon. The objective is to conserve water at the end of the monsoon to meet requirements such as providing drinking water facilities in the villages along both sides of the river after the monsoon period, providing incidental irrigation to crops during late Kharif and rabi by storing water at the end of monsoon, mainly through lifting devices, etc.

Problems

Depletion of groundwater levels in water scarcity zones in Odisha was witnessed. Scarcity of water for drinking water & other domestic uses in rural areas of Odisha. It was difficult to involve farmers in looking after the operation and maintenance of the structure. Also, having traditional irrigation by constructing temporary cross bunds on streams posed as a problem. Improper utilization of rainwater for irrigation purposes in the flowing streams/Channels during the Monsoon by not storing it properly in the areas where irrigation coverage is less than 35%.

Solutions

The scheme has been implemented through the existing field units of a minor (flow) irrigation sector following standard extant coral procedures. On completion, the Projects will be handed over to Pani Panchayats/farmer groups for proper management. Consent of farmers before/during and after completion of work will be obtained and kept in the case record. Superintending Engineers will be personally responsible for the timely completion of the work with quality and subsequent use for various purposes. The scheme’s beneficiaries should form Pani Panchayats (WUAs) during the selection of sites for check dams. These Pani Panchayats are to participate during the execution of the scheme actively. Once completed in all respects, the infrastructure will immediately be handed over to Pani Panchayats (W.U.As) for operation and maintenance.

Outcomes

The rapid growth of irrigation potential in the areas where bigger irrigation structures could not be raised. Brought most of the blocks of the state under irrigation potential of more than 35%. A remarkable rise in groundwater was witnessed due to recharge from impounding water in the check dam. Improved water availability for domestic uses in nearby villages in the open wells, washing, recreation, etc., during non-monsoon periods. Also, the efficiency of lift irrigation points bore wells, etc., was increased. Check dams are being constructed across all districts of Odisha, covering beneficiaries from all blocks of Odisha having less than 35% irrigation potential. After completion of 1280 Check Dams under MATY 2.0, an irrigation facility of 27606 ha will be created.

Challenges

Unwilling farmers to take up operation & maintenance of the structure where they have traditional irrigation by constructing temporary cross bunds on streams. There was a reluctance among farmers to take up the maintenance and operation of the structure. The prevalence of traditional irrigation systems posed a challenge in the implementation process. It was also difficult to select the sites for this project.

Innovation

Check dams or in-stream storage structures with or without gated arrangements are to be capable of safely releasing the anticipated design flood without affecting the safety of the structures with minimum afflux in the upstream. Water can be stored in such a pond/reservoir towards the end of the monsoon with the following benefits. Installation of lift points nearby all constructed Check Dams for augmentation of Horticulture & Rabi Irrigation coverage is an innovative aspect of this project. Low investment & low gestation period was required for this project. Protection was provided to the Kharif crop and the Rabi crop was intensified. This particular project doesn’t require the acquisition of land.

Opportunities

The Govt. has decided to construct 1280 Nos of Check dams under MATY 2.0, which will be implemented over a period of three Financial Years up to FY 2023-2024. There will be integration with Lift Irrigation Corporation in a novel programme “MiLi,” by installing Lift Points near each check dam through solar power as per feasibility.

For more information, please contact:
Mr Basant Kumar Rout, Chief Engineer, Minor Irrigation, Odisha at cemi.odisha@gmail.com

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